The submission requirements of The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine stated below are based on those of The American Journal of Psychiatry and in accordance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS

Three copies of the manuscript and its figures, a computer disk (3.5 inch disk in Microsoft Word is preferred.) containing the manuscript and its figures, or an email containing the manuscript and its figures should be submitted to:

The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Jack & Pearl Resnick Campus
1300 Morris Park Avenue
Forchheimer Building, Room 306
Bronx, New York 10461
Telephone: (718) 430-8768
Fax: (718) 430-3073
Email: eq@aecom.yu.edu
Web Site: http://www.aecom.yu.edu/home/einsteinquarterly

In addition, a cover letter that includes the title, a short summary of the manuscript, a list of keywords, a short paragraph stating the relevance of this manuscript to the readership of The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine, the number of figures and tables in the manuscript, as well as the name, title, address, telephone and fax numbers, and electronic mail of the specific author responsible for correspondence. Finally, the corresponding author and each additional author should complete and sign the appropriate Authorship, Copyright Transfer, and Competing Interest Agreements as well as the Offprint Request Form. Please note that the corresponding author must fill out both the Corresponding Author's Agreements as well as the Additional Autor's Agreements Forms. Papers that do not comply with The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine style specifications or requirements will be returned unreviewed. All electronic submissions (i.e., disk or email) should specify the file name, word processing software, and the type of computer used (e.g., Mac or PC).

The corresponding author will receive confirmation that The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine has received the manuscript, figures, tables, and cover letter. The corresponding author will be assigned a manuscript number. This number must be included in all further correspondence with The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine. It is imperative that the corresponding author of submitted papers notify The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine of any changes of address. Manuscripts reviewed by The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine will not be returned to authors except upon special request. Authors must make this request in their original submission letter and include a self-addressed, postage-paid envelope.

PROCESSING OF ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTS

The manuscript is then reviewed by both outside reviewers and the editorial staff. The corresponding author will be notified about the acceptability of a manuscript within six to eight weeks. If necessary, the author will need to address comments made by the referees of The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine. In addition, manuscripts are accepted with the understanding that the Editor-in-Chief and the editorial staff have the right to make revisions aimed at greater conciseness, clarity, and conformity with Journal style. Accepted papers will be edited and sent to the corresponding author for corrections and answers to editorial queries. No proofs are sent to authors unless specified in the cover letter. Authors who will be away from their offices for a long period or who change address after notification of acceptance should inform The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine staff. After the corresponding author has been notified of the papers acceptance, with or without required revisions, the corresponding author may need to submit the manuscript in an electronic format (i.e., disk or email) for further editing.

PERMISSION TO REPRINT

Publication elsewhere in any language or any format without the consent of the copyright holder is an infringement of the Copyright Transfer Agreement. Written permission to reprint material published in The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine must be secured in writing (contact information above). There may be a charge for such permission, except for nonprofit classroom or library reserve use by instructors and educational institutions or for authors who wish to reprint their own material.

REPRINTS

Small numbers (i.e., one for each author) of reprints will be provided without charge, however if more copies are necessary  an order form for reprints should be completed by the corresponding author before publication.

PRIOR PUBLICATION

Manuscripts are accepted for consideration by The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine with the understanding that they represent original material, have not been published previously, are not being considered for publication elsewhere, and have been approved by each author as well as by the responsible authorities at the institute where the work has been carried out. Any form of publication other than an abstract, lecture, or thesis constitutes prior publication. This includes components of symposia, proceedings, transactions, books (or chapters), invited articles, or reports of any kind, regardless of differences in readership, as well as electronic databases of a public nature. Authors submitting manuscripts containing data or clinical observations already used in published papers or used in manuscripts that are in press, submitted for publication, or to be submitted shortly should provide their data and/or clinical observations as well as copies of the manuscript to the Editor-in-Chief. An explanation of the differences between these manuscript should be included.

AUTHORSHIP

All persons designated as authors should qualify for authorship. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for the content. Authorship is based on substantial contributions to conception and design or analysis and interpretation of data as well as drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content. Participation solely in the acquisition of funding or the collection of data does not justify authorship. General supervision of the research group is also not sufficient. Any part of an article critical to its main conclusions must be the responsibility of at least one author. Only those with key responsibility for the material in the article should be listed as authors; others contributing to the work should be recognized in an Acknowledgment. Editors may require authors to justify the assignment of authorship.

COPYRIGHT TRANSFER AND SUBMISSION APPROVAL

The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine requires approval of manuscript submission by all authors in addition to transfer of copyright to The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine so that all authors and the Journal are protected from misuse of copyrighted material. A Copyright Transfer Agreement signed by the corresponding author constitutes submission approval. It is the corresponding author's responsibility to obtain the approval of individual authors before acknowledging their assistance in the paper. In addition, authors must obtain letters of permission from publishers for the use, reproduction, publication, adaptation, display, public performance, republication, and distribution of reproductions in any language and in any format (including without limitation, print, electronic, and any other media) of extensive quotations (i.e., more than 500 words) or figures that have been previously published or submitted elsewhere, as well as permission to sublicense any or all of the foregoing.

DISCLOSURE OF COMPETING

All forms of support, including drug company support, are acknowledged; any commercial or financial involvements within the past year that might present an appearance of a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article (e.g., potential conflicts include but are not limited to institutional or corporate affiliations, paid consultancies, stock ownership or other equity interests, patent ownership, royalties, funds for travel, and interests in patents, instruments, and technologies) are disclosed in the cover letter. At the Editor-in-Chief's discretion, this information may be shared with reviewers and included in the published article. Investigators participating in clinical trials are urged not to sign agreements with pharmaceutical companies that have clauses which prevent them from publishing both positive and negative results or from collaborating with other investigators to pool data across sites in multi-center trials. Additionally, investigators are urged not to sign agreements that forbid them from publishing without the approval of the sponsor.

PATIENT/SUBJECT ANONYMITY

Ethical and legal considerations require careful attention to the protection of a anonymity for patients and healthy subjects in case reports and elsewhere. Identifying information such as names, initials, hospital numbers, and dates must be avoided. Also, authors should disguise identifying information when discussing characteristics and personal history.

INFORMED CONSENT

Manuscripts that report the results of experimental investigation and interviews with human subjects must include a statement that written informed consent was obtained after the subject has understood the purpose of the research being conducted, potential alternatives to the research study, the procedures that will be conducted, as well as the risks involved in the study's procedures. In the case of children, authors are asked to include information about whether the child's assent was obtained.

USE OF ANIMALS

Manuscripts describing work on animals must confirm observation of the following principles, which incorporate those approved by the United States Public Health Service Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals:  1) only animals lawfully acquired were used, and their retention and use will be in every case in strict compliance with state and local laws and regulations; 2) animals in the laboratory must receive every consideration for their bodily comfort, they must be kindly treated, properly fed, and their surroundings kept in a sanitary condition; 3) appropriate anesthetics must be used to eliminate pain during operative procedures; and 4) the postoperative care of animals will be such as to minimize discomfort and pain, and in any case will be equivalent to accepted practices in schools of Veterinary Medicine.

REVIEW

All papers are reviewed to determine the originality, validity, and importance of content and conclusions. In addition to the regular review process, statistical review is completed for all manuscripts that contain quantitative data. Authors will be sent reviewer comments that are judged to be useful to them. All reviewers remain anonymous. Authors are informed about the Editor's decision after the review process is completed

MANUSCRIPT ORGANIZATION AND FORMAT

All parts of the manuscript must be double-spaced throughout. A high-quality type font is preferred. All four margins must be 1.5 inches. The manuscript should be arranged in the following order, with each item beginning a new page: 1) title page, 2) abstract, 3) text, 4) references, and 5) tables and/or figures. All pages must be numbered.

TITLE PAGE

Title. The title should be informative, declarative, and as brief as possible.

Byline. See instructions for Authorship. The name, department, institution, city, state, and ZIP code or country for each author should be furnished. Authors' first names are preferred over initials. If there are several authors with different affiliations, authors should be matched to the respective departments or institutions by means of superscript symbols after the authors’ names in this order: *,†,‡,§,¶,||. If an author has moved since doing the work described, indicate the institution at which the work was done in the primary affiliation listing and use an additional symbol and a footnote to indicate the present address.

Word, table, and figure count. The number of words in the manuscript (including abstract, text, references, tables, and figures) and the number of tables and figures should be noted.

Previous presentation. If the paper has been presented at a meeting, give the name of the meeting, the location, and the inclusive dates.

Location of work and address for reprints. Provide the department, institution, city, and state where the work was done. Include a full address for the author who is to receive reprint requests.

Acknowledgments. Acknowledgments to people should precede those for grant support. Grant support should be acknowledged in a separate paragraph and should include the full name of the granting agency and grant number. See instructions for Disclosure of Competing Interests. Corporate support of any kind must be acknowledged.

Keywords. About five words or phrases that summarize the major topics covered by the manuscript..

ABSTRACT

All manuscripts except Commentary and Book Reviews should include structured abstracts. The abstract is a single paragraph no longer than 250 words. The abstract should clearly state the subject and main conclusions of the manuscript, and it should avoid the use of abbreviations and unfamiliar or new terminology

TEXT

The contents of the text should be broken into sections (e.g., introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusions, etc.). A manuscript presenting original data from patient populations should provide a comprehensive description of the nature of the study group, methods for recruitment, measurement, and evaluation techniques (including information about reliability as appropriate), and data analysis. At the end of the section describing the subjects it should be clearly stated that "After complete description of the study to the subjects, written informed consent was obtained." Strengths and weaknesses of the study should be presented in the discussion.

Data analysis. Adequate description of statistical analysis should be provided, including the names of the statistical tests and whether tests were one- or two-tailed. Standard deviations, rather than standard errors of the mean, are required. Statistical tests that are not well-known should be referenced. All significant and important nonsignificant results must include the test value, all degrees of freedom, and probability. For example, "The analysis of variance indicated that those who abstained from coffee had significantly higher course grades than those who did not abstain (F=4.32, df=3, 17, p<0.05)." Reviewers will evaluate the appropriateness of the analyses.

Abbreviations and symbols. The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine distinguishes between standard and non-standard abbreviations. Standard abbreviations for certain substances and for units of measure do not need to be defined. Most other abbreviations are considered to be non-standard, should be kept to a minimum, and must be spelled out on first usage. Non-standard abbreviations should be used only for terms mentioned five or more times in the paper, should be unambiguous, and should not simply be acronyms. Both standard and non-standard abbreviations should also conform to international standards. Authors should refer to: IUPAC Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units or Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI).

Drugs. Generic names should be used. If an author desires, brand names may be inserted in parentheses following the generic name.  

Footnotes. Footnotes should be kept to a minimum and should be indicated in the text by use of a number.

REFERENCES

References should be restricted to closely pertinent material. Accuracy of citation is the author's responsibility. The Editors will not revise references. Authors should be sure that all references listed have been cited in text. References should be cited in the text in the following forms:

One author in body of sentence
One author
Two authors
Three or more authors
More than one article cited per author
More than one article cited in sequence

Smith (1980) ...
(Smith, 1980)
(Smith and Jones, 1980)
(Smith et al., 1980)
(Smith, 1980, 1981)
(Smith, 1980; Brown, 1970)


All references should be listed, without numbers, in alphabetical order at the end of the article. List all authors; do not use "et al." References should conform exactly to the original spelling, accents, punctuation, etc. Abbreviations of journal names should conform to the style used Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index or The American Chemical Society Style Guide: A Manual for Authors and Editors. References should include both first and last page numbers in their entirety (e.g., 341-345).

Personal communications, unpublished manuscripts, manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted, and similar unpublished items should appear in the reference list as "personal communication," "in preparation," "submitted for publication," accordingly, without mention of a journal. It is the author's responsibility to obtain permission to refer to another individual's unpublished observations. Manuscripts that are actually "in press" may be cited as such in the reference list; the name of the journal or publisher and location must be included. If the author of a document is not identified, begin the reference with the title of the document. If the publication date of a document is not identified, indicate “no date” in the place of the date. Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their citations.

The following examples illustrate the conventions used by The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine:  

Journal article:
Weiss, R.B. and Bruno, S. (1981) Hypersensitivity reactions to cancer chemotherapeutic agents.  Ann. Int. Med. 94:66-72.

Stamatoyannopulos, G., Chen, S.H., and Fukui, M. (1975) Liver alcohol dehydrogenase in Japanese High population frequency of atypical form and its possible role in alcohol sensitivity. Am. J. Human Genet. 27:789-796.

Book:
Schimmel, P.R., Soll, D., and Abelson, J.N. (1974) Transfer RNA Structure, Properties, and Recognition. Volume 3. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York.

Chapter in a book:
Dirheimer, G., Klein, G., Sibier, A.-P., and Martin, R.P. (1979) The primary structure of tRNAs and their rare nucleosides. In: Transfer RNA Structure, Properties, and Recognition. Volume 3. Schimmel, P.R., Soll, D. and Abelson, J.N. (eds.), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York. pp. 19-41.

Online periodical:
Fredrickson, B.L. (2000) Cultivating Positive Emotions to Optimize Health and Well-being. In: Prevention and Treatment. Retrieved November 2000, http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html.

Non-periodical document on the Internet:
GVU's 8th WWW User Survey. (no date) Retrieved August 2000, http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/.

Document on University Program or Department Web Site:
Chou, L., McClintock, R., Moretti, F., and Nix, D.H. (1993) Technology and Education: New Wine in New Bottles: Choosing Pasts and Imagining Educational Futures. Retrieved August 2000 from Columbia University Institute for Learning Technologies Website, http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/ publications/papers/newwine1.html.

Interview:
Shamoon, H. (2001) personal communication.  

TABLES

Each table should be double-spaced throughout and submitted on a separate page. A copy of each table must be attached to each copy of the manuscript. Copies of tables should also be provided on the computer disk submitted.

Tables should be prepared so that they are self-explanatory. Tables should have a brief title and be numbered with Arabic numerals. The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine does not publish tabulated data that have been submitted elsewhere or previously published. Tables that duplicate material contained elsewhere in the manuscript (in text, figures, or other tables) should not be used. Authors should delete short tables containing data that could be given succinctly in text.

Nonstandard abbreviations should be used sparingly and must be defined in the legend at the bottom of the table, if not defined earlier in the text. Each vertical column requires a heading. Reference to footnotes should be made by means of symbols in this order: *,†,‡,§,¶,||. If more than six footnotes are required, then superscript lowercase letters should be used. For use of powers of 10, see the Figures section below.

FIGURES

The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine encourages the submission of high-quality figures (e.g., photographs, illustrations, charts, and graphs). They should be made as visually appealing as possible. Multiple figures for the same article should be prepared as a set (i.e., consistent in style and size across all figures). Each figure should be submitted on a separate page. In addition, figure titles, legends, and footnotes should be provided on a separate page. A copy of each figure must be attached to each copy of the manuscript. Copies of tables should also be provided as high-resolution .tif files on the computer disk submitted. If figures have been previously published, the author must secure written permission from the holder of copyright for republication in The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine as well as the right and license to further republish and reproduce in any language, format, or media (including without limitation, print, electronic, or other media), distribute reproductions, adapt, and display such figures, as well as the right to sublicense any or all of the foregoing. The author should submit a copy of the permission release and credit lines if the manuscript is accepted for publication.

Each complete figure (including titles and footnotes) should be understandable without reference to the text. Figures should represent data visually rather than numerically. Figures should be sharp photographs on glossy paper, identified by author and figure number on reverse side by marking with a soft pencil. Where necessary, the orientation for the illustration should be indicated by an arrow and the word “top.” Figures should have a brief title and be numbered with Arabic numerals. Figure legends should be typed double-spaced, in numerical order on a separate sheet of paper. Line drawings should be marked with index lines and labeled with scales on the x- and y-axes. Do not extend the vertical or horizontal axis of a graph beyond the point needed for the data shown. Scales that involve large or small numbers should use numbers multiplied by powers of 10. The Einstein Quarterly Journal of Biology and Medicine uses the following convention: 3000 cpm is represented as 3 and the axis is labeled “cpm x 103." Keys to symbols and lines should be included in the legend, not on the figure. It is particularly important that nomenclature, abbreviations, and units used in figures agree precisely with those used in the text of the paper. Do not mount illustrations unless a composite figure is required. A composite figure carries a single figure number; upper case letters identify the individual parts. Photographs should be cropped to the final intended width. It is preferable for magnifications to be shown by means of a bar on the photograph as well as a number in the legend.